The verses they cite — read them in context.
Ecclesiastes 9:5
"The dead know nothing... they have no more reward."
Ezekiel 18:4
"The soul who sins shall die."
Psalm 146:4
"His breath departs... on that very day his plans perish."
Reading these passages in full, do they describe the dead as simply "sleeping," or do they also speak of conscious judgment?
Debate doesn’t change minds. If you find yourself arguing, pivot to telling your story of how Jesus changed you, saved you, and protected you.
Is there conscious punishment after death, or just nonexistence?
The Bible teaches that the unsaved face real, conscious, everlasting judgment away from God. Jesus spoke of hell more than anyone, calling it "eternal punishment" (Matthew 25:46), "unquenchable fire" (Mark 9:43), and a place of "weeping and gnashing of teeth" (Matthew 13:42). It is not annihilation into nonexistence but a settled separation from God’s goodness.
Reading these passages in full, do they describe the dead as simply "sleeping," or do they also speak of conscious judgment?
If the punishment is called "eternal" with the very same word as "eternal life," why would one last forever and the other not?